Now, put the values in the above-mentioned formula: Number of neutrons = Atomic mass (rounding it up to the nearest whole number) – Number of protonsĪs mentioned in the chlorine box drawn above the atomic mass of the chlorine atom is 35.353.Īfter rounding it up to the nearest whole number we get 35. Now, we will calculate the number of neutrons present in the chlorine atom.įor any atom number of neutrons present in the nucleus is given by the following formula: Therefore, for the chlorine atom, the number of protons = atomic number = 17 In the case of the chlorine atom, the atomic number is 17. The number of protons for any atom is equal to the atomic number of that atom. Let us first start with determining the number of protons in chlorine. To draw the Bohr model of chlorine we will first have to find out the atomic species contained in this atom. The electronic configuration of chlorine is 3s 23p 6.The information that we can derive from the above-mentioned Chlorine box is as follows: Sodium AtomĬhlorine is a halogen element located in group 17 of the periodic table. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in K, L, and M shells. The chlorine atom contains 18 neutrons, 17 protons, and 17 electrons. The electrons located in the valence shell participate in chemical bonding between two or more atoms of the same or different elements. The outermost energy level or shell of an atom is known as the valence shell. The electrons are allowed to jump from lower to higher energy levels as they absorb energy and also, drop down from higher to lower energy levels as they release energy. The electrons located in the shell closest to the nucleus have minimum energy and are said to be in the ground state. The number increases away from the nucleus as the energy also increases in the same direction. As the energy of every shell is fixed these are also known as energy levels.Īs per the Bohr model, the shells are named as K, L, M, N, etc., or 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. Shells: The circular path taken by the electrons around the nucleus is known as shell or orbit.Įach shell is allowed to accommodate a certain number of electrons with definite energy.They carry a negative charge and are distributed around in the nucleus in accordance with their energy. Unlike protons and neutrons that remain stationary inside the nucleus, electrons move in a definite path around the nucleus. Electrons: These are the only atomic particles that are present outside the nucleus.Protons are denoted using the symbol p +. Protons: These are also located inside the nucleus and carry a positive charge.Neutrons: These are the charge-neutral atomic species that are located inside the nucleus of the atom.It is positioned right at the center of the atom and contains protons and neutrons.
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